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RE1 unit 5c 講述了One Bryant Park Center 的建筑

課文里說(shuō) ... Going into New York City, you basically lose two days. It is true what they say , this is the city that never sleeps. 

除了One Bryant, 數(shù)一下NY 最著名的幾個(gè)建筑， 由于實(shí)在太多， 僅僅舉幾個(gè)例子. 

NY又別名為Empire State----帝國(guó)州....一個(gè)偉大的，傳奇的城市。

No city's skyline is quite as iconic or beautiful as New York City's. Chicago may be the place where the skyscraper was born, and cities like Seattle and San Francisco have recognizable landmarks, but New York is where some of the world's most important buildings—the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, the Seagram Building—can be found.

沒(méi)有哪個(gè)城市的天際線像紐約的天際線那樣具有標(biāo)志性和美麗。芝加哥可能是摩天大樓的誕生地，西雅圖和舊金山等城市也有著名的地標(biāo)，但紐約是一些世界上最重要的建筑的所在地——帝國(guó)大廈、克萊斯勒大廈和西格拉姆大廈等。

But New York's skyline icons aren't limited to tall towers: Grand Central Terminal and the New York Public Library are the pinnacle of Beaux Arts beauty, while outer-borough landmarks like the New York State Pavilion in Flushing, Queens, show that architectural innovation isn't merely limited to Manhattan.

但紐約的天際線標(biāo)志并不僅限于高樓大廈:中央車(chē)站(Grand Central Terminal)和紐約公共圖書(shū)館(New York Public Library)是美術(shù)美的頂峰，而皇后區(qū)的紐約國(guó)家館(New York State Pavilion)等區(qū)外地標(biāo)表明，建筑創(chuàng)新并不僅限于曼哈頓。

Some new structures, meanwhile, like Santiago Calatrava’s Oculus in Lower Manhattan, are now so indelible to the urban fabric that they’ve already achieved the status of icons.

與此同時(shí)，一些新建筑，如圣地亞哥卡拉特拉瓦(Santiago Calatrava)在曼哈頓下城設(shè)計(jì)的Oculus奧克盧斯，如今已成為城市不可磨滅的標(biāo)志。

01

 Brooklyn Bridge

Okay, it's not a building, but the Brooklyn Bridge is one of the most well-known symbols of New York City—so much so that the East River crossing can now be found on T-shirts, posters, and other ephemera.

它不是一個(gè)建筑，但布魯克林大橋是紐約市最著名的象征之一。

The more than mile-long span is notable for its suspension construction, which was considered revolutionary when it was built in the 1880s, and its beautiful stone anchorages, with their elegant Gothic arches.

超過(guò)一英里的跨度因其懸掛結(jié)構(gòu)而聞名，它在19世紀(jì)80年代建造時(shí)被認(rèn)為是革命性的，還有它美麗的石頭錨碇和優(yōu)雅的哥特式拱門(mén)。

02

Statue of Liberty National Monument

The Statue of Liberty is easily the most famous and recognizable New York structure, and we have the French to thank for it. 

自由女神像無(wú)疑是紐約最著名、最容易辨認(rèn)的建筑，這要感謝法國(guó)人。

Sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi designed 151-foot-tall Lady Liberty while Gustave Eiffel built it (American Richard Morris Hunt created the pedestal). It was dedicated on October 28, 1886. 

雕塑家弗雷德里克·奧古斯特·巴托爾迪設(shè)計(jì)了151英尺高的自由女神，古斯塔夫·埃菲爾建造了它(美國(guó)人理查德·莫里斯·亨特制作了基座)。它于1886年10月28日落成。

Constructed of copper, the statue didn’t take on its well-known blue-green patina until it was 20 years old, and at that point, it was almost painted over. 

這座銅像是用銅建造的，直到20年的時(shí)候才呈現(xiàn)出眾所周知的藍(lán)綠色，那時(shí)它幾乎被油漆過(guò)了。

After September 11, the statue was closed to the public until 2009; that year, she saw her most visitors ever: 3.2 million.

911之后，這座雕像一直對(duì)公眾關(guān)閉到2009年;那一年，她接待了有史以來(lái)最多的游客:320萬(wàn)。

03

One World Trade Center

The road to One World Trade Center’s completion was long and rocky—one that included several different designs for the building (the ultimate winner: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill) and many, many delays—but the building finally welcomed its first tenants in 2014, 13 years after the terrorist attacks that destroyed the Twin Towers. Its height, 1,776 feet, makes it the tallest building in the city.

世貿(mào)中心一號(hào)大樓竣工的道路漫長(zhǎng)而崎嶇，這棟建筑終于在2014年迎來(lái)了第一批租戶，也就是在恐怖襲擊摧毀雙子塔13年后。

再來(lái)緬懷一下雙子塔悲劇

昔日Twin Towers

The history of Twin Towers

The twin towers of the World Trade Center were more than just buildings. They were proof of New York's belief in itself. Built at a time when New York's future seemed uncertain, the towers restored confidence and helped bring a halt to the decline of lower Manhattan. Brash, glitzy, and grand, they quickly became symbols of New York.

世貿(mào)中心的雙子塔不僅僅是建筑。它們證明了紐約對(duì)自己的信心。在紐約的未來(lái)似乎還不確定的時(shí)候，雙子塔重建了人們的信心，阻止了曼哈頓下城的衰落。傲慢、耀眼、宏偉，它們迅速成為紐約的象征。

The World Trade Center was conceived in the early 1960s by the Downtown-Lower Manhattan Development Association to revitalize the seedy radio row dominated by electronic stores. Chase Manhattan Bank chairman David Rockefeller, founder of the development association, and his brother, New York governor Nelson Rockefeller, pushed hard for the project, insisting it would benefit the entire city.

世界貿(mào)易中心是20世紀(jì)60年代早期由市中心-曼哈頓下城發(fā)展協(xié)會(huì)構(gòu)思的，目的是振興以電子商店為主的破舊無(wú)線電街區(qū)。開(kāi)發(fā)協(xié)會(huì)創(chuàng)始人、大通曼哈頓銀行董事長(zhǎng)戴維·洛克菲勒(David Rockefeller)和他的兄弟、紐約州州長(zhǎng)納爾遜·洛克菲勒(Nelson Rockefeller)大力推動(dòng)該項(xiàng)目，堅(jiān)稱(chēng)它將使整個(gè)城市受益。

In order to create the 16-acre World Trade Center site, five streets were closed off and 164 buildings were demolished. Construction required the excavation of more than 1.2 million cubic yards of earth, which was used to create 23.5 acres of land along the Hudson River, now part of Battery Park City in lower Manhattan. During peak construction periods, 3,500 people worked at the site. A total of 10,000 people worked on the towers; 60 died during its construction.

為了建造16英畝的世貿(mào)中心遺址，5條街道被封鎖，164棟建筑被拆除。施工需要挖掘120多萬(wàn)立方碼的泥土，用來(lái)在哈德遜河沿岸創(chuàng)造23.5英畝的土地，現(xiàn)在是曼哈頓下城炮臺(tái)公園城的一部分。在建筑高峰期，有3500人在工地上工作。總共有1萬(wàn)人參與了建造雙子塔的工作;60人在建造過(guò)程中死亡。

The north tower was opened in Dec. 1970 and the south tower in Jan. 1972; they were dedicated in April 1973. They were the world's tallest buildings for only a short time, since the Sears Tower in Chicago was completed in May 1973. However, the towers were ranked as the fifth and sixth tallest buildings in the world at the time of their destruction on Sept. 11, 2001.

北塔于1970年12月開(kāi)放，南塔于1972年1月開(kāi)放;它們于1973年4月落成。自從1973年5月芝加哥的西爾斯大廈竣工后，這兩幢大樓在很短的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)都是世界上最高的建筑。然而，在2001年9月11日雙子塔被毀時(shí)，它們分別位列世界第五和第六高的建筑。

04

Woolworth Building

Cass Gilbert's copper-topped skyscraper was once described as "the cathedral of commerce," thanks to its neo-Gothic architecture and its owner, retail guru F. W. Woolworth. The elegant building is currently undergoing big changes, as the uppermost floors are converted into ultra-luxury condos; thankfully, that won't disturb the ornate lobby, which is off-limits to the general public but can be viewed on regular tours of the interior. 

卡斯·吉爾伯特(Cass Gilbert)設(shè)計(jì)的銅頂摩天大樓曾被稱(chēng)為“商業(yè)大教堂”，這要?dú)w功于它的新哥特式建筑風(fēng)格，以及它的主人、零售業(yè)巨頭伍爾沃斯(F. W. Woolworth)。

這座優(yōu)雅的建筑目前正經(jīng)歷著巨大的變化，最上層將被改造成超豪華的公寓。

值得慶幸的是，這并沒(méi)有影響到華麗的大堂，它是禁止公眾參觀的，但可以定期參觀內(nèi)部。

05

Empire State Building

There may be taller buildings, or more innovative ones, but this Art Deco beauty is perhaps New York City's most beloved building. 

這里可能有更高的建筑，或者更有創(chuàng)意的建筑，但是這個(gè)裝飾藝術(shù)之美可能是紐約市最受歡迎的建筑。

It was the tallest skyscraper in the world upon completion in 1931 (surpassing the Chrysler Building, which was finished in 1930), and remained so until the original World Trade Center topped out in the 1970s. 

1931年完工時(shí)，它是世界上最高的摩天大樓(超過(guò)了1930年完工的紐約克萊斯勒大廈)，并一直保持到20世紀(jì)70年代原世貿(mào)中心(world Trade Center)落成為止。

Its mark on the skyline is indelible, but it's also a pop-culture icon, having appeared in movies and TV shows and varied as the original King Kong, Sleepless in Seattle, and Doctor Who. 

它在天際線上的印記是不可磨滅的，但它也是流行文化的標(biāo)志，曾出現(xiàn)在電影和電視節(jié)目中，并以《金剛》、《西雅圖夜未眠》和《神秘博士》等多種形式出現(xiàn)。

06

Grand Central Terminal

This century-old Beaux Arts beauty is home to many hidden treasures. 

這個(gè)有著百年歷史的藝術(shù)建筑是許多隱藏寶藏的家園。

There's the Whispering Gallery, close to the iconic Oyster Bar; the Campbell Apartment, a cocktail bar hidden within an old office; the secret tunnel that connected the train station to the Waldorf Astoria Hotel; and the fabled "M42," a bunker that may contain electrical equipment, but no one really knows. But even if you never uncover its secrets, you won't be missing out: The terminal's grand main concourse is perhaps the prettiest train depot in the country. (And certainly this city.)

低語(yǔ)畫(huà)廊，靠近標(biāo)志性的牡蠣酒吧;坎貝爾公寓，一個(gè)隱藏在舊辦公室里的雞尾酒吧;連接火車(chē)站和華爾道夫酒店的秘密隧道;還有傳說(shuō)中的“M42”，一個(gè)可能裝有電氣設(shè)備，但沒(méi)有人真正知道的地堡。

但是，即使你從未揭開(kāi)它的秘密，你也不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò):這個(gè)航站樓宏偉的主大廳可能是美國(guó)最漂亮的火車(chē)站。(當(dāng)然還有這個(gè)城市。)

07

Chrysler Building

If the Empire State Building is the best-known of New York City's skyscrapers, then the Chrysler Building is perhaps the city's loveliest. 

如果帝國(guó)大廈是紐約市最著名的摩天大樓，那么克萊斯勒大廈可能是這個(gè)城市最可愛(ài)的。

The Chrysler building located midtown, Manhattan has been in existence since its opening in 1930 and was the tallest skyscraper for one year up until it was surpassed by the Empire State building. To this day however, this art decor style skyscraper still holds the record for being the tallest brick building in the world.

位于曼哈頓中城的克萊斯勒大廈自1930年開(kāi)放以來(lái)就一直是最高的摩天大樓，直到有一年被帝國(guó)大廈(Empire State building)超越。然而直到今天，這座藝術(shù)裝飾風(fēng)格的摩天大樓仍然保持著世界上最高的磚建筑的記錄。

08

 Rockefeller Center

The erstwhile General Electric building (it was renamed for new owner Comcast in 2015) is the anchor of Rockefeller Center in Midtown. 

昔日的通用電氣大樓(2015年為新東家康卡斯特重新命名)是中城區(qū)洛克菲勒中心的中心。

And thanks to its myriad attractions—the Top of the Rock observation deck, NBC's studios, the Rainbow Room—the Art Deco tower is a landmark in its own right. 

由于它無(wú)數(shù)的景點(diǎn)——巖石頂部的觀景臺(tái)，全國(guó)廣播公司的工作室，彩虹室——裝飾藝術(shù)塔本身就是一個(gè)地標(biāo)。

It's also the setting for one of the most famous NYC photographs: Lunch Atop a Skyscraper, taken in 1932 while the building was under construction, was taken on the building's 69th floor.

這是紐約最著名的照片之一:在摩天大樓上午餐的場(chǎng)景。這張照片拍攝于1932年，當(dāng)時(shí)大樓正在建設(shè)中，拍攝地點(diǎn)是大樓的第69層。

The Rockefeller family is an American industrial, political, and banking family that owns one of the world's largest fortunes. The fortune was made in the American petroleum industry during the late 19th and early 20th centuries by John D. Rockefeller and his brother William Rockefeller, primarily through Standard Oil. The family has had a long association with, and control of, Chase Manhattan Bank. As of 1977 the Rockefellers were considered one of the most powerful families in the history of the United States.

洛克菲勒家族是美國(guó)工業(yè)、政治和銀行業(yè)的家族，擁有世界上最大的財(cái)富之一。19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初，約翰·d·洛克菲勒(John D. Rockefeller)和他的兄弟威廉·洛克菲勒(William Rockefeller)通過(guò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油公司(Standard Oil)在美國(guó)石油工業(yè)中賺取了大筆財(cái)富。這個(gè)家族與大通曼哈頓銀行(Chase Manhattan Bank)有著長(zhǎng)期的聯(lián)系，并控制著這家銀行。1977年，洛克菲勒家族被認(rèn)為是美國(guó)歷史上最有權(quán)勢(shì)的家族之一。

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