劍橋KET語法全概括(3)可數與不可數名詞+many/much/a lot of/lots of/a few/a little
1. 可數與不可數名詞
不可數名詞:不可以以單位計數、沒有復數形式的名詞:water, milk, juice, money, butter...
可數名詞:可以以單位計數、所以會有單數復數之分的名詞:banana, apple, computer, book, pencil...
可數名詞的復數形式:
大部分名詞是直接在結尾加s:books, apples, computers
當結尾字母是s, x, ch, sh時,加es:buses, boxes, lunches, brushes
結尾字母是y,且y前邊的字母為輔音時變y為ies:baby-babies
有些結尾字母是f/fe的詞有特殊的復數形式:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-havles
有些單詞的單復數是一樣的:sheep, fish, deer
有些結尾字母是o的詞變復數時加es:tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes
有些詞的復數形式很特殊:child-children, man-men, woman-women, person-people
提示:
可數名詞在句子中必然以下面三種形式里的一種出現:a banana(泛指任何一個香蕉)bananas(泛指任何一些香蕉)
the bannana(s)(特指某個/些香蕉)
不可數名詞在句子中必然以下面兩種形式里的一種出現 water(泛指任何水)
the water(特指某個地方的水)
考生經常犯的錯是把上述幾種形式搞混??纯聪旅孢@句話錯在哪:I want to eat apple.
2. many/much/a lot of/lots of/a few/a little
many/much/a lot of/lots of 都表示“很多”1) many放在可數名詞前面:There are many students in the room.2) much放在不可數名詞前面:I can drink so much water.3) a lot of/lots of放在可數和不可數名詞前面都可以:
There are a lot of students in the room.
I can drink lots of water.
a few/a little 都表示“幾個,一些”1) a few 放在可數名詞前面:There are only a few students in the room.2) a little 放在可不數名詞前面:I can only drink a little wine.
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