北京KET語法點(diǎn)09期:現(xiàn)在完成體Present perfect
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完成體是動(dòng)詞的一種形式,
它表示該動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)完成。
現(xiàn)在完成體由have/has+-ed分詞構(gòu)成
⑴現(xiàn)在完成體的肯定形式和否定形式
⑵現(xiàn)在完成體的疑問形式和回答形式
⑶ 動(dòng)詞的分詞形式
①The past participle form of regular verbs is the same as the past simple:
walk-walked,smile-smiled
②You will need to learn the past participle form of irregular verbs.Here are some common examples.
總結(jié):大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)和-ed分詞都是在原形之后加詞尾 -ed 構(gòu)成(如 study/studied/studied,stop/stopped/stopped),這類動(dòng)詞叫做規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。有一些動(dòng)詞不以加詞尾-ed 的方式構(gòu)成過去時(shí)和 -ed分詞(如 cut/cut/cut, build/built/built, begin/began/begun),這類動(dòng)詞叫做不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。
第一類不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞是它們的三個(gè)主要形式(即原形、過去時(shí)、-ed分詞)同形:
hit/hit/hit
set/set/set
put/put/put
第二類不規(guī)則動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)是它們的過去時(shí)與 -ed分詞同形:
deal/dealt/dealt
flee/fled/fled
第三類不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)是它們的三個(gè)主要形式都不相同:
ring/rang/rung
steal/stole/stolen
arise/arose/arisen
⑷ 現(xiàn)在完成體的用法
①We can use the present perfect to talk about our experiences:
例句:I’ve seen all the Harry Porter films,but I haven't read the books.
②We do not using say when something happened with the present perfect:
例句:I‘ve been to India.(not I've been to India last year.)
③Use the past simple to say when something happened:
例句:I went to India last year.
④ We often use ever in present perfect questions(ever=in your life):
例句:Have you ever been to India?
Have you ever met someone famous?
⑤We can use never to talk about things we have not done in our life:
例句:She's never been to India.
He's never met anyone famous.
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